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You said: "I would tend to agree, but Inuit people (for eg.) have lived in even harsher environments than early Europeans did for thousands of years, but don't seem to have developed similar cultural traits."
* It is a stretch to measure the Inuits with Europeans like that.
The Inuit people are thought to be a type of East Asian people who settled in areas such as "the Arctic coasts of Siberia, Alaska, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec, Labrador and Greenland" around 1000 AD (in dispute). The origin of the Inuit culture is still disputed. It has been estimated that the Inuit people came after "Paleo-Eskimos who crossed the Bering Strait approximately 5-6000 years ago" .
http://www.travelvantage.com/arc_his.html
http://www.alaskan.com/docs/eskimo.html
Genetic roots of Europe
Northern Europeans could be descended from as few as 50 individuals who survived the last ice age.
"According to the joint US and UK team, northern Europeans diverged from their African roots as recently as 27,000 to 53,000 years ago."
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/1334512.stm
"Dr. Douglas C. Wallace and his colleagues at the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta constructed a world female genetic tree based on mitochondrial DNA. Dr. Wallace found that almost all American Indians have mtNDA that belong to lineages he named A, B, C and D. Europeans belong to lineages H through K and T through X. The split between the two main branches in the European tree suggests that modern humans reached Europe 39,000 to 51,000 years ago, Dr. Wallace calculates, a time that corresponds with the archaeological date of at least 35,000 years ago."
http://www.duerinck.com/migrate.html
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