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Title: DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA: INFORMATION REQUEST Post by: albert_tempie on October 17, 2010, 03:27:24 PM Dear Idren and Sistren
I am excited to present to you for your attention a copy of my book proposal: DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica. I have included a detailed outline of the main chapters with short summary and bullet points highlighting the main topics to be covered in each chapter. My research is likely to require me to travel to Dominica, where I will need to spend several weeks gathering materials from the reference section of the Roseau Public Library; The archives of The Chronicle Newspaper; parliamentary record and hansards from the Ministry of Legal Affairs . While there I will interview and photograph former black power activists and Rastafarians such as, recently released from prison, Eric Joseph for the killing of Farmer Ted Honychurch in 1981 who was the father of Dominica‘s most illustrious historian, Lennox Honychurch ( whom I will also interview); politicians, police officers and other stakeholders from that era of 1970 to 1980. I will also need to track down, Dominican, Desmond Trotter in Shashamane, Ethiopia and other notable Rastafarians, Ras Mo in California, and Nasio Fontaine, Lazo and others who also live in the USA and around the world if needed. Finally, Here in the United Kingdom, my research will focus on drawing on resources of The British Library , The Colonial Office, the Dominica High Commission etc. The preparatory work will also requiring the publishing rights to additional illustrations, and photographs especially from police and historic archives, and historical papers written by such persons as authors, Irving Andre and Gabriel Christian who have written on the subject, albeit only in brief. Tentatively, I am looking to produce a coffee table book - 10inches by 11 and half inches of approximately 200 pages and having between 10 to 15 chapters, plus an introduction, index , glossary , and bibliography. The book will have roughly 100 illustrations, plus sidebars and vignettes. These visuals will include techni-colour and black/white photos, full colour reproductions of art work, line drawings, and a few charts and graphs. Part of the appeal of this book is the emphasis on visuals to attract the general reading public, to aid in reader retention of the textual material and to document the people, places and things for posterity. Examples of such a book would be the 2007,coffee table book: ‘Reggae Scrape Book’ (ISBN 13: 978-1-933784-23-6) by Roger Steffens and Peter Simon I estimate that a polished draft will be delivered to the publishers in 24 months from signing the publishing contract. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Ras Albert Williams, (47) was born in Emsworth in the United Kingdom (UK) on June 10th 1962. At the age of ten, he migrated to the Commonwealth of Dominica with his father. From the age of 12 he became a follower of The RastafarI movement and by age 15, upon graduating from the Dominica Grammar School, he dropped out of society and left the comforts of the town and headed for River Clear, a fruitful valley with a rushing river of clear cool water. There he joined a group of his contemporaries, and attempted to live the lifestyle of the dreads and proclaim the divinity of Emperor Haile Sellassie. Between,1981 and 2002, his by-line appeared in all the local periodicals in Dominica: The Chronicle, The Tropical Star, The Independent, The Voice of the People and The Sun as a free-lance contributor and columnist of scores of articles, short stories poems and other features. From June 2002 to March 2004 upon receiving a diploma in journalism/Short Story Writing from Harcourt Learning Direct, a correspondence school, he was invited to join Dominica’s oldest and most read newspaper: The Chronicle as a full-time reporter and photographer. While at the newspaper, Albert joined the Media Workers Association of Dominica (MWAD), and served as its secretary for a few months. Albert is recognised as a talented individual who has show a keen interest in many areas of the fine arts. Besides having written and self-published three booklets of poetry and a collection of short stories, namely: Honourable Natty Dread, (1982,1990&1996); One Dominica-Odes for I Beloved, (1985) and Through The Far Eye ISBN 976-8155-00-0(1996) and Haunted Heritage and Other Stories ISBN 1-4241-0680-X, In 1997, he was nominated for the DBS Radio FAME Award for Best Radio Program for the one-hour, literary radio program that he produced and presented for the Dominica Writers Guild (DWG). The show, Review was aired on the Dominican FM radio station, Kairi FM on Tuesday’s, Thursday’s and Sunday's. Albert is also a founding member of the Dominica Writers’ Guild (DWG) established in 1982.In addition, to being one of several young persons who founded the Frontline Cooperative Bookstore in 1983. He has worked with organisations such as the Inity of Rastafari Idren, The Movement for Cultural Awareness (M.C.A.) and the Ethiopian World Federation Incorporated (EWF Inc.) for which he served first as Sergeant-at arms and then secretary. He has also worked along side persons such as Alwin Bully and Ophelia of the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica's, Division of Culture; the Black History Awareness Committee (B.H.A.C) and the Roseau Public Library, with which he has organized dozens of public readings, book festivals, African liberations marches and Bob Marley Awareness Days. He has also been called upon to facilitate workshops in creative writing and is also noted as an excellent performance poet. He is married to Memphis-born, Tempie, author of 'Feelings' ISBN 1-4241-0706-7 "Within the decade, the works of a few radical poets gained local attention since they defused some apprehensions about Dreads which had built up in the previous decade. Not only the works of Ras Mo but that of Ras Ras Albert Williams accelerated the rehabilitation of dreadlocked persons with the community. As one of the founding members of the Frontline Co-operative and the DWG, Williams was partly responsible for the resurgence of interest in poetry during the decade." IRVING W. ANDRE AUTHOR OF DISTANT VOICES , POND CASE PRESS (ISBN 0-9699857-3-8) 1996 WEBSITES http://www.publishedauthors.net/albertwilliams/ (http://www.publishedauthors.net/albertwilliams/) http://www.myspace.com/albertlbwilliams (http://www.myspace.com/albertlbwilliams) SAMPLE CHAPTERS by request MARKETING CONSIDERATIONS AND STRATEGY DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA: The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Will appeal to millions of individuals and institutions around the world for different reasons. Firstly, it will strike a responsive chord with over 250,000 Dominicans on the island and in the Diaspora, many who were not even born, or who were young children when the events in this book were took place. They are fascinated with the Rastafari Movement and need to get the facts from an authoritative voice this author. The second group of readers who will be fascinated with my book are fellow Rastafarians in Jamaica and the rest of the Caribbean, the United States of America, United kingdom Europe who are only marginally informed on such topics as the Dread Act , Desmond Trotter and Eric Joseph from ancient sources mainly newspaper articles from the 70’s. I also predict that my book will be popular with students and academics, of the University of the West Indies and other scholarly institutions around the world who write and research on Rastafarian topics. As I will point out in my comparison with other books on the topic, There are no publications dedicated in their entirety to the study of the Rastafarians in Dominica and the Dread Act in particular. While there are many books written on Rastafari of a general nature, and with an emphasis on the Jamaican experience, none to date have considered analysing the Dominican experience. Other sectors who will want to own this book will be, public libraries, and libraries of universities. Such as the Smithsonian Natural Museum of Natural History Also anyone who is remotely connected to Dominica. Anyone who has family or friends their, or is planning to go their on a holiday or set up business there. Or just want to collect books written on the history of Dominica. HOW DOES MY BOOK COMPARE WITH OTHER BOOKS ON THE SUBJECT No substantive study or field research on Dreadism or Rastafari in Dominica has been carried out. While there are literally hundreds of books written on various aspects of Rastafari and Reggae, but none that I have researched deal specifically with the Dread Act or with the Dread uprising and the rise of the Rastafari movement in Dominica. The same can be said for Desmond, Kabinda Trotter or the recently released Eric Joseph. Here presents an opportunity to capture this market share; the eye-witness accounts and personal reflections from those concerned before any one else does, and in a very memorable way as I have suggested by way of a attractive coffee table book. The only book s that I have come across that mention the Dread Act are ‘CHANTING DOWN BABYLON ISBN: 1-56639-584-4 by Nathaniel an Samuel Murrell, William David Spencer, Adrian Anthony McFarlane. Dread Talk (ISBN 976-8125-68-3) by Velma Pollard Other mentions come in the form of an academic paper: In Times Crucial: Radical Politics in Dominica,1970 -1980, published on the internet by Author and lawyer Gabriel Christian. Letters to the editor on online magazines and a dictionary of Caribbean English Usage, (ISBN 976-640-145-4) by Richard Allsopp All other brief mentions would be in Dr. Lennox Honychurch’s The Dominica Story: A History of the island (ISBN0-333-62776-8) published 1995. What will distinguish my work from all others, is that while researchers use a system of referencing which is to quote or rewrite the work of another author in their manuscript , or to refer to the works of an author by way of passing remarks, I will be interviewing the actual persons involved or related to the subject matter. Thus, my work will be current and free from plagiarism in the slightest form. Additionally, because the subject has not been dealt with in any substantive manner previously, it will stand out as ‘the book’ by which all subsequent publications will be judged. HOW WILL I RESEARCH MY BOOK I will Research published material on the subject of the history of Dominica, Dreads of Dominica etc which will be referenced on each chapter. Arrange consultations with Rastafarian communities in Dominica. Seek to acquire from the police authorities photos, newsletter, and other archives Obtain copies of hansards from the Ministry of Legal Affairs re the Dread Act, Controlled Substances Act and Terrorism Act. Pursue, Dominican, Caribbean and international news papers for any mention of subject matter or characters named in my book relating to this period. Speak with , former Prime Minster, Patrick John, Rastafarians Desmond Trotter and Eric Joseph and other persons related to this period. Photograph the people, persons and articles related to the subject mater of my book. PROMOTION…HOW I WIL PROMOTE MY BOOK Besides any other suggestions that the publisher may suggest, I will Make myself available to radio and television news and documentary broadcasts, here in the United kingdom, the Caribbean and the Dominica Send press releases to major online and brick and mortar magazines about your work. Start a new Web site to promote my book. Promote my book at any public lectures Attend professional conferences and promote your book there. Promote my book on Rastafarian websites Produce a short film documentary to accompany the book Embark on a Caribbean/world tour of lectures and book signings Finally, I am confident that you too will share the excitement I had in presenting the following book proposal, and share in acknowledging the importance of exploring the topics and themes of my intended publication. What this book is not, is a comparative study of religion, with all the terminology and jargon that comes with academia, however, this book is a pure and authentic voice of a people once dispossessed, and demoralised as slave descendents, now creating for them selves an identity. Sincerely Sgd………………….. Ras Albert Williams  DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica By Ras Albert Williams 27 DALEWOOD GARDENS NORTHGATE, CRAWLEY, WEST SUSSEX, UNITED KINGDOM,RH10 8XP TELEPHONE (HOME) 01293402517 MOBILE07859846168 DEDICATED TO TEMPIE (BOOK SUMMARY) DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica As the title of this book suggests, it documents the development of the RastafarI movement in Dominica from its dramatic inception in the 1970’s to the present day. It’s author, poet, and author Ras Ras Albert Williams , as a child was swept up in the waves of black power sentiments and inward introspection of the times that was to prepare the backdrop of the formation of RastafarI today. The methods used to prepare this book included extensive research in past issues of Dominica’s oldest newspaper, The Chronicle; I perused publications by fellow Dominican authors that have broached the subject, albeit in less words than it deserves. I interviewed notable characters whose living memory of the dramatic events of the 70’s, 80’s and 90’s speak volumes, more than any research from books could disclose. DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica is part autobiographical and part fictional and definitely documentary. The author has chosen a writing style that is both informative and entertaining and seeks to throw new light on such epic chapters in Dominica’s history as the passage of the notorious Prohibited and Unlawful Societies and Associations Act 1974(The Dread Act) by the Patrick John administration in 1974. The act was intended to disgrace, and eliminate the Dreads, but what it did, was to give them a legitimacy that distinguished the brothers from their Rastafarian counterparts in Jamaica. Still, it is ironic that eloquent as he was ,on the jargon used by the ‘Dreads’ , and by the very definition the then Premier John summarised the meaning of ‘Dread‘, as terrorist , that less than seven years later he would found guilty of treason and branded a terrorist himself. The book also revisit’s the historic trial of black activist, and thinker, Desmond Trotter and his subsequent death sentence for the killing of an American, John Jirasek which was deemed by activist worldwide as a conspiracy to silence the leading organiser of the dreads and compares this to the killing of the father of, Lenox Honychurch Dominica’s historian and author, during a altercations between the brethren and the police in the hills above Roseau, and we speak with Eric Joseph, who was released from prison after 27 years for the murder. Again, no one until now, has been brave enough to ‘sit in the dust with the brethren’ and ‘reason’ with the brethren to go beyond the stereo-type and systemic propaganda published by the John administration’s radio station, and sympathetic weeklies. DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica is a candid and sincere account from the mouths and hearts of those whose side of the story has not until now been told. It is an in-depth-exposition that is destined to leave an indelible mark in Dominica’s publishing history. The informative text comes replete with archival photographs and illustrations; profiles of distinguished Rastafarians, both living and dead who stories deserve to be recorded within the scope of this book; a glossary of words peculiar to the dread era and an index for easy search and find of topical subjects. DREAD, RASTAFARI AND ETHIOPIA The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica, will serve as a platform for future academics and researchers to further argue who are the Dreads, and who are the Rastafarians in Dominica. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (to be compiled near completion of the work) INTRODUCTION (To be contributed ) Foreword by Ras Ras Albert Williams Greetings In the name of the Perfect Love, I-Ses TafarI. The Commonwealth of Dominica, is perhaps one of the most beautiful countries in the world, with so much spectacular scenery per square mile, that it would take many lifetimes savour it all. A mere 290 square mile, island created by the violent eruptions of volcanic activity 26 million years ago. And like the island , Dread, Rastafari and Ethiopia: The definitive historical report of the beginning and the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica, is destined to shake the very foundations of Babylon, setting the nuggets of truth to come crashing down, laying bare the atrocities and brutality that that birth-panged a very important cultural heritage of the island, the Caribbean and the world. There comes a time when the truth must be told, and if not, the undercurrents that shaped the soul-searching of a generation of the last 30 years of the 20th century, might be lost to posterity for ever. I refer here to the birth of Dreadism and Rastafari synonymously in Dominica, and the cultural and social impact, the movement had and continues to have on a former slave colony in the middle of the West Indies. It’s all in this book, the truth and still some…are you prepared to take it…This is the bigger question WHY THIS STUDY NOW? Why not! is my rebuttal. Further, my question to the sceptic is why is it that the victories and misfortunes of this tiny Caribbean island state has not come under the radar of academics, film makers, documentary makers and other enthusiast to share with the world the object lessons that may be gleaned from the ongoing saga, which is the history of Dominica. For example, Why is it that the subject of this book: a report of the rise of the RastafarI movement in the Commonwealth of Dominica, warrants only brief mentions in the offerings of researchers of Rastafari of ‘the serious political crisis’ in such publications as Chanting down Babylon: the Rastafari reader ( Publisher: Temple University Press Pub. Date: March 1998 ISBN-13: 9781566395847) By Nathaniel Samuel Murrell, William David Spencer, Adrian Anthony McFarlane, pages 186 to 189 or French websites: http://www.reggae-est.fr/?contid=74, (http://www.reggae-est.fr/?contid=74,) , Rastalogie, or even commendable attempts in academic articles from author/lawyer, Gabriel Christian in A Rain of Stones The May 29, 1979 Revolt and Aftermath-http://da-academy.org/revolt_1979.html and In Crucial Times: (Radical Politics in Dominica 1970-1980). Also Despite, his father, Ted Honychurch, being caught up in the bloody events of 1981, historian, Dr. Lennox Honychurch objectively reports on those unfortunate years in his , The Dominica Story A History of the Island, ISBN 0-333-62776-8, published by Macmillan Education Ltd in 1995., pages 245-252 and, 2276 and 282 The same could be said of the importance of learning from the lessons of how Dominica coped with the devastation of hurricane David in 1979. As a reporter for the Dominica Chronicle in 2003, I interviewed former interim Prime Minster of Dominica, Oliver Seraphine who was responsible for guiding the nation to a democratic election following the downfall of the Patrick John administration in may of 1979. The winds of almost 200 miles-per-hour smashed into the country, leaving a wake of destitution , destruction , death and homelessness. He told me, that it was the first time that a reporter had spoken to him since that time. Why is it that , Dominica’s music, Cadance Lypso, pioneered by Gordon Henderson seems to be unable to attract the same amount of media frenzy that our sister island, Jamaican’s reggae. Where are the coffee table books, The plethora of publications all professing to be experts on the subject. The low budget films, the theatre productions. We see The University of the West Indies offering minors and other electives on Reggae and Rastafari studies. Yet Dominica with all her legendary beauty, catastrophic events and imaginative individuals, such as playwright, Alwin Bully, and to some extent, Dominica’s most famous author, Jean Rhys are still only spoken about in bated breaths. Thirteen years ago Dominica launched its world Creole Music Festival , held every year at the height of Dominica cultural calendar, during the month of October leading to November 3rd, independence and national day . Where are the archivists and publisher beating a track to the band houses of the pioneers like Gordon Henderson, Chubby , Ophelia and Jeff Joseph. And other cultural elders. Again, the Dominica Book Fair and Literary Festival now in its second year , held in collaboration with the local UWI Open campus, and which has to date featured many Caribbean literary greats such as Derek Walcott. The festival is destined to become one of the Caribbean’s biggest gathering of literary minds. But will we see a corresponding interest by the world’s media. Or is it because Dominica, as a small Caribbean island is not as important as its bigger brothers. We shall see! MY OBJECTIVES In presenting the material for this book, I hope that I will be able to raise the awareness that is lurking behind the resplendent beauty of the island is an inherent intelligence whose importance is to the world is just as pertinent as any happenings on the world stage today. The fact that the subject matter of this book happened nearly thirty years ago is irrelevant, as historians dig even deeper, only to regurgitate the findings of researchers before them, albeit with a retake of the facts. The same can be said for Rastafari. From its inception as a possible modus operandi for a cultural change and unique world view and , Caribbean-based , mind-set in the 1930’s, through to the seventies with the propagation of the activities of the likes of , reggae superstar , Bob Marley, and the resultant spread and acceptance of he Rastafarian creed world wide . We see what was first a religious concept, now being secularised and even packaged as a tourism product. Be that as it may, may, my aim it to present the facts with the assistance reliable sources, to a world largely ignorant of the subject. FINAL MUSINGS Let us get one thing straight, as the years turn into decades, and the decades into centuries, Rastafari as a whole will , like the rest of the world, and all it process, will continue to evolve. That is certain. And we the Rastafarians who have been the keepers of knowledge, and who have followed the God-head from the beginning of creation to this time will be here to set the record straight . Sincerely RAS Ras Albert Williams CHAPTER 1 WAITIKUBULI: ISLE OF BEAUTY;ISLE OF RESISTANCE A physical description of Dominica, its Economics political structure etc Geographic location Population Un employment religions CHAPTER 2 FROM PRE-EMANCIPATION TO STATEHOOD An overview of the decline of plantation slavery and the rise of nationhood in the Caribbean, particularly in Dominica, sowing the first seeds of nationalism and patriotism. The Caribs first inhabitants Arrival of the European Absentee landowners Slavery Slave conditions The Maroons The Emancipation West Indian federation Island states CHAPTER 3 FROM GARVEYISM TO BLACK POWER IN DOMINICA An overview of the influence of notable Jamaican liberator Marcus Garvey , His UNIA organisation BY Ralph Casimir, and the influence of Walter Rodney and other figures on Dominicans. The search for identity Dominica Trade unionism Formation of political parties Garveyism in Dominica American Civil rights movement Black pride Four Corners (Popular meeting places in the centre of Roseau) Roosie Douglas :Black Activist Social unrest CHAPTER 4 DREAD BEGINNINGS The political and sociological events that took place in Dominica in the 70’s and 80 The Evolution of the word Dread in Dominica to describe radical youth. The passage of the notorious Prohibited and Unlawful Societies and Associations Act 1974 commonly called The Dread Act A description of the mind set and values of the Dreads and problems with the police. The Desmond Trotter Case and international campaign, The confession of Eric Joseph of the murder of Ted Honychurch, and other happenings. CHAPTER 5 DREADISM EXPLAINED Back to the land Ital Dread How to be a dread Dread language Dread cooking Dreadlocks Off the iron Herbal medicine Nom te and nom fam Ganja wars Violent happenings The Didier report Rastafari Cooperative Community Influence of dread on society CHAPTER 6 ORGANISE AND CENTRALISE Efforts by the Rastafarians to fight the dread act, The formation of Inity of Rastafari Idren Discussions with the Eugenia Charles government Rastafari Revelation radio program aired on Saturday The staging of African liberation Day activities. Nyabinghis (large meetings of Rastafarians) across the island. Formation of the Ethiopian World Federation The honouring of Ralph Casimir, Calls for the release of Eric Joseph from jail CHAPTER 7 RASTAFARI AND THE ARTS AND EXPRESSION How Rastafarians used cultural idioms, and the changing technology to express communicate and express themselves.: MUSIC, VISUAL ARTS AND LITEARY Profiles of some of the Rastafarian poets, authors and artistes including, Ras Ras Albert Williams, Desmond Trotter Ras I Mani Ras Man Mwata Ras mo, Disciple Caesar, Marcel D’Jamala Fontaine, Nasio Fontaine, Chubby of the Midnight Groovers, Kello Royer. Amima Moses Ras Algi CHAPTER 8 NATION BUILDING Rastafarians start herb processing factory The history and opening of Blows Herbal teas Sister Natts Shashamane Restaurant Formation of Ethiopian world Federation Calling Rastafari CHAPTER 9 WOMEN IN RASTAFARI Rastafarian Woman as Queen, Mother and homemaker falls in the classic definition of the woman’s place in a man’s world, but things have changed with more women being thrust in the limelight and taking responsible positions in all fields. In this chapter we bring to the fore the yearnings of the Rastafarian CHAPTER 10 ETHIOPIA SHALL STRETCH HER HANDS OUT TO GOD The trend, as it was in Jamaica, was for the EWF to precede the arrival of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. Though, we are yet to see any such sign as of this happening in Dominica as yet. AS was the case, too, Rastas are at first apprehensive about joining the church. They are at first surprised that the rites in some ways closely resembles those of the Babylon church to which after many years of strict indifference have developed, shall we say, even a hatred for what the Catholic stands for: the mother of all harlots. CHAPTER 11 RECONCILIATION The overview of RastafarI on the approach of the 21 century and new millennium The release of Eric Joseph Amnesty International CHAPTER 12 How the struggle of Dominica Rasta affected brethren in the Caribbean and efforts at forming Caribbean Rastafarian organisations Rastafari and the Grenada revolution CHAPTER 13 RASTAFARI WORLD ORDER Rastafari in all its paradigms, continues to be the subject of much research and heated debate. The UWI offers a minor in Rastafari Studies THE DREADS OF DOMINICA will no doubt follow suit. How does Rasta view a black president of the USA An overview of the different mansions in RastafarI BIBLIOGRAPHY A comprehensive list of books on Rastafari Chapter One https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/do.html (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/do.html) The Dominica Story 1995 ISBN 978-0-333-62776-1 Macmillan-Caribbean Honychurch L Maronnage In Slave Plantation Societies: A Case Study Of Dominica, 1785-1815 Caribbean Quarterly, Dec 2008 by Marshall, Bernard A CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE Re Ralph Casimir http://catalog.nypl.org/search~S1?/.b11524019/.b11524019/1,1,1,B/frameset~b11524019?save=b11524019 (http://catalog.nypl.org/search~S1?/.b11524019/.b11524019/1,1,1,B/frameset~b11524019?save=b11524019) The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association papers By Robert A. Hill, Marcus Garvey, Universal Negro Improvement http://books.google.com/books?id=TMV3n-26cLAC&pg=PA303&lpg=PA303&dq=garveyism+in+dominica&source=bl&ots=Hme1DW7TXu&sig=32NGKbAVnaBbywj9rw0gBCXlCBQ#v=onepage&q=&f=false (http://books.google.com/books?id=TMV3n-26cLAC&pg=PA303&lpg=PA303&dq=garveyism+in+dominica&source=bl&ots=Hme1DW7TXu&sig=32NGKbAVnaBbywj9rw0gBCXlCBQ#v=onepage&q=&f=false) CHAPTER FOUR http://www.lennoxhonychurch.com/heritage.cfm?Id=41 (http://www.lennoxhonychurch.com/heritage.cfm?Id=41) In Times Crucial: (Radical Politics in Dominica 1970-1980) by Gabriel Christian The Growth of Religious Diversity: Britain from 1945, Vol. 1 by Gerald Parsons Publisher: Taylor & Francis, Inc. Pub. Date: December 1994 ISBN-13: 9780415083263 304pp CHAPTER FIVE http://www.webzinemaker.com/admi/m9/page.php3?num_web=2584&rubr=3&id=63135 (http://www.webzinemaker.com/admi/m9/page.php3?num_web=2584&rubr=3&id=63135) DREAD TALK: THE RASTAFARIANS‟ LINGUISTIC RESPONSE TO SOCIETAL OPPRESSION by CAROL ANNE MANGET-JOHNSON Andre, Irving W. (1995). Distant voices. The genesis of an indigenous literature in Dominica. 199 p. Pond Casse Press, Brampton, Ontario. Interview with Ras Mo August 23, 2009 CHAPTER SIX DREAD TALK THE LANGUAGE OF RASTAFARI Revised Edition VELMA POLLARD Canoe Press Barbados · Jamaica · Trinidad and Tobago Dread the Rastafarians of Jamaica (Paperback) by Joseph Owens © 1976 Sangster’s Bookstore Ltd, Kingston Jamaica Report on the Rastafari Movement in Jamaica M.G. Smith; Roy Augier; Rex Nettleford Institute of Social and Economic Research 1960 A Historical Report The Rastafari Movement in England by Norman Adams(Jah Blue) 2002 ISBN 0-9543025-0-8 http://www.rootsreggaeclub.com/culture_reggae_afro/the_rastafarians/the_rastafarians_1.htm (http://www.rootsreggaeclub.com/culture_reggae_afro/the_rastafarians/the_rastafarians_1.htm) Chanting Down Babylon: The Rastafari Reader: Rastafarian Reader by N.Samuel Murrell, William David Spencer, and Adrian Anthony McFarlane (Paperback - 20 Mar 1998) Publisher: Temple University Press Pub. Date: March 1998 ISBN-13: 9781566395847 CHAPTER SEVEN CHAPTER EIGHT CHAPTER NINE CHAPTER TEN http://www.rastaites.com/news/hearticals/nyahbinghi/Harar/shashamanereport.pdf (http://www.rastaites.com/news/hearticals/nyahbinghi/Harar/shashamanereport.pdf) CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER TWELVE CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE SECULARIAZATION OF THE RASTAFARIAN MOVEMENT A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE RELIGION DEPARTMENT IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS IN RELIGION BY TURA FOSTER http://gustavus.edu/academics/religion/theses/2005-2006/TuraFoster.pdf (http://gustavus.edu/academics/religion/theses/2005-2006/TuraFoster.pdf) (accessed august16, 2009) A history of organized labor in the English-speaking West Indies By Robert J. Alexander, Eldon M. Parker Maroon Societies: Rebel Slave Communities in the Americas By Richard Price Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press Pub. Date: September 1996 ISBN-13: 9780801854965 http://www.itzcaribbean.com/dominicahistory (http://www.itzcaribbean.com/dominicahistory) GLOSSARY A list of words used in Rasta vernacular INDEX A guide to seek and find key words and phrases in the text APPENDICES LETTER TO WAITIKUBULI HOUSE OF NYABINGHI |