Many Sub-Saharan Africans and descendants adhere to their traditions as a philosophical school-of-thought, with traditions of folk religion or syncretism practised alongside other adherent's tradition.
The essence of this school of thought is based mainly on oral trasmission; that which is written in people's hearts, minds, oral history, customs, temples and religious functions.
While generalizations are difficult due to the diversity of cultures they do share some common belief systems. The role of humanity is generally seen as a harmonizing relationship between nature and the super-natural forces.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_African_religion